Agent-based modelling allows us to model individuals and how these individuals interact to form emergent phenomena. A great example of this is crowds. Recently we (people at CASA) have been exploring ways to carryout pedestrian agent-based models in 3D and I just came across this short presentation by Paul The talk can be watched here.
If you interested in pedestrian modelling and software the papers by Christian Castle might be of interest:
Castle, C.J.E. (2007), Guidelines for Assessing Pedestrian Evacuation Software Applications, Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis (
Castle, C.J.E. and Longley, P.A. (2008), 'Emergency Pedestrian Evacuation Analysis: A Review and Interpretation of Software Applications', in Sui, D.Z. and Cutter, S.L. (eds.), Geospatial Technologies and Homeland Security: Research Frontiers and Challenges, Springer,